DIVINE MERCY (RAḤMAH) IN MODERN ISLAMIC SCHOLARSHIP: A STUDY OF SHAYKH AL-SHA‘RĀWĪ’S EXEGETICAL APPROACH

Abstract

This study examines the concept of Divine Mercy (raḥmah) in modern Islamic scholarship through the Qur’ānic exegesis of Shaykh Muḥammad Mutawallī al-Sha‘rāwī (d. 1998), one of the most influential contemporary Muslim exegetes. It situates al-Sha‘rāwī’s understanding of raḥmah within the broader classical and modern tafsīr tradition, demonstrating its continued relevance for contemporary Muslim thought and practice. The study highlights al-Sha‘rāwī’s portrayal of Divine Mercy as a foundational principle governing creation, sustenance, guidance, forgiveness, and salvation, and as the raison d’être of a balanced cosmic order. Mercy is presented not merely as a theological attribute but as a dynamic ethical force that prevents moral decay and heals psychological and social disintegration, thereby fostering spiritual equilibrium and social harmony. Central to this framework is the Prophethood of Muḥammad ﷺ, depicted as the apex of Divine Mercy and a universal source of compassion extending across all generations and realms of existence. The study further demonstrates that al-Sha‘rāwī articulates mercy through an integrated anthropocosmic perspective, linking God, humanity, and the universe within a practical, value-oriented worldview. Ultimately, this mercy-centered exegetical model offers a holistic and contextually relevant framework for addressing contemporary ethical, spiritual, and societal challenges in the modern Muslim world.