TRANSCENDENTAL DEMOCRACY: ELABORATION OF THE CONCEPT OF GENERAL ELECTIONS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF SHARIAH AND FIQH SIYASAH
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to expound upon the concept of general elections within the framework of democracy and people's sovereignty in Indonesia from the perspective of Sharia law and fiqh siyasah. Employing juridical-normative research methods, this investigation scrutinizes legal norms and regulations governing the values and mechanisms of conducting elections. The analysis utilizes a comparative approach with Sharia law and fiqh siyasah. The findings reveal that the manifestation of democracy in Indonesia, employing elections as a tool for legitimization, aligns with the principles advocated by Prophet Muhammad SAW, emphasizing the concept of people's sovereignty. However, on a technical level, the implementation of elections in Indonesia exhibits several weaknesses and inconsistencies with the tenets of fiqh siyasah. Fiqh siyasah underscores elections as a conduit for people's sovereignty in selecting virtuous leaders based on the values of transcendental democracy and justice.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
E. Purnamawati, ‘The Journey of Democracy in Indonesia', solusi, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 251–264, May 2020, doi: 10.36546/solusi.v18i2.290.
S. Hastuti, ‘Indonesia's Experience Towards Democracy: Some Catalans Over General Elections During the Old Order, New Order, and Post-New Order’, Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 46–61, 2005.
D. Y. P. Kusumaningtyas, ‘Problems of the National Development Planning Model After the Amendment of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945’, Jurnal Ummul Qura, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–15, 2018.
J. Asshiddiqie, Oligarki dan Totalitarianisme Baru. Jakarta: LP3ES, 2022.
G. Murat, ‘Constitutionalism, Judiciary, and Democracy in Islamic SocietiesTezcür, Güneş Murat. “Constitutionalism, judiciary, and democracy in Islamic societies.” Polity 39.4 (2007): 479-501.’, Polity, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 479–501, 2007.
Ismail, ‘Analysis Of Changes In The Structure Of State Institutions And The System Of Exercising State Power Of The Republic Of Indonesia Based On The 1945 Constitution Before And After The Amendment’, Jurnal Hukum Ganec Swara, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 258–269, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.35327/gara.v13i2.90.
K. E. Sartono, 'study Of The Indonesian Constitution From The Beginning Of Independence To Post-New Order Constitutional Reform’, Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/hum.v8i1.21011.
Y. Triana, E. Khairina, and M. I. Fadhlurrohman, ‘Study of Democratic Principles in General Elections in Indonesia', Jurnal Transformative, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 66–83, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.transformative.2023.009.01.4.
A. Yanto, Hukum dan Ketertiban: Fragmen Pemikiran Tentang Paradigma Hukum dan Perkembanganya. Yogyakarta: Megalitera, 2022.
W. Ekatjahjana, ‘Some Problems In The Arrangement And Implementation Of Elections / Elections In Indonesia’, Jurnal Konstitusi PK2P Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 109–121, 2010.
V. M. Sadeadema, ‘Elections and Corruption: The Dilemma of Contestation of Candidates for Former Corruption Convicts in the 2019 Presidential Election’, JTF, vol. 5, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.21776/ub.transformative.2019.005.02.4.
D. G. Andiraharja, ‘Legal Politics in Handling Electoral Crimes’, Khazanah Hukum, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 24–31, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.15575/kh.v2i1.7681.
D. R. Sorensen, ‘Power tends to corrupt’, Carlyle Studies Annual, vol. 29, pp. 81–114, 2018.
A. Siboy, ‘The integration of the authority of judicial institutions in solving general election problems in Indonesia’, LJIH, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 237–255, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.22219/ljih.v29i2.15608.
Y. Fukuoka and C. N. Thalang, ‘The legislative and presidential elections in Indonesia in 2014’, Electoral Studies, vol. 36, pp. 230–235, 2014, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2014.09.007.
N. Hakim and I. Sumawaty, 'Implementation of Transcendental Law in the Form of Laws and Regulations in Indonesia', Prosiding Seminar Nasional Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2018.
A. L. Lonto and T. Pangalila, ‘The existence of Pancasila Values in the Disrupted Era’, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Education Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.2991/icesshum-19.2019.23.
P. Langbroek, K. Van Den Bos, M. Simon Thomas, M. Milo, and W. Van Rossum, ‘Methodology of Legal Research: Challenges and Opportunities’, ULR, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 1, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.18352/ulr.411.
K. Benuf and M. Azhar, 'Legal Research Methodology as an Instrument to Unravel Contemporary Legal Problems’, Gema Keadilan, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 20–33, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2020.7504.
M. Z. Wirabakto, ‘A Juridical Analysis of the Comparison of Legality Principle in the Indonesian Criminal Code (WvS) and the Draft of New Indonesian Criminal Code (National Criminal Code’, Budapest International Reseacrh and Critics Institute Journal, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 3030–3040, 2022, doi: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i1.3946.
H. Gintis, C. van Schaik, and C. Boehm, ‘Zoon politikon: The evolutionary origins of human socio-political systems’, Behavioural Processes, vol. 61, pp. 17–30, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2018.01.007.
R. K. Fleck and F. A. Hanssen, ‘The Origins of Democracy: A Model with Application to Ancient Greece’, The Journal of Law and Economic, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 115–146, 2006.
F. Bachmid, ‘Eksistensi Kedaulatan Rakyat dan Implementasi Parliamentary Threshold dalam Sistem Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia’, sjh, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 87–103, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.37276/sjh.v2i2.83.
J. Stevenson and M. Ismelina F.R, 'The Implementation Of A One-Man-One-Vote System In The Election Of Managers And Supervisors Of Associations Of Owners And Residents Of Apartment UnitS’, JHP, vol. 50, no. 4, p. 841, May 2021, doi: 10.21143/jhp.vol50.no4.2855.
Frenki, 'Principles In The Implementation Of General Elections In Indonesia According To Fiqh Siyasah’, ASAS: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 54–65, 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.24042/asas.v8i1.1223.
M. Har, ‘KONSEP KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM’, Akademika: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, vol. 19, no. 01, pp. 35–57, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://e-journal.metrouniv.ac.id/index.php/akademika/article/view/405
A. Lukman, ‘Religion and State Fiqh Siyasah Perspective’, Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 79–116, 2019.
I. A. Jailani, ‘Medina Charter: The Philosophical Foundations of the Constitution of a Democratic State’, Jurnal Hukum dan Perundangan Islam, vol. 6, no. 2, 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.15642/ad.2016.6.2.269-295.
F. Fuad, ‘Pancasila Legal Philosophy, Reactualization’, Lex Jurnalica, vol. 13, no. 3, 2016.
R. A. Hamid, ‘Reinterpretation Of Understanding Pancasila And The Value Of Diversity Post-Reform Era’, Empirisma: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Kebudayaan Islam, vol. 31, no. 1, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.30762/empirisma.v31i1.448.
G. E. Rusdi Antara, I. N. Budiana, and I. A. Sadnyini, ‘Formulation of Customary Criminal Law in Future Criminal Code and Legal Enforcement in Indonesia’, sucila, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 164, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.33096/substantivejustice.v4i2.149.
B. N. Arief, Beberapa Aspek Kebijakan Penegakan dan Pengembangan Hukum Pidana. Bandung: PT. Citra Aditya Bakti, 2005.
S. O. Manullang, ‘Understanding the sociology of customary law in the reformation era: complexity and diversity of society in Indonesia’, lingcure, vol. 5, no. S3, pp. 16–26, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.21744/lingcure.v5nS3.1352.
S. S. Marhaeni, 'the Relationship Between Pancasila And Islam In The Unitary State Of The Republic Of Indonesia’, JPPKn, vol. 2, no. 2, 2017, [Online]. Available: http://ejournal.unibabwi.ac.id/index.php/jppkn/article/view/137
D. Rahmawati, ‘Legal Review of Political Rights of Former Corruption Convicts as Election Participants in the Perspective of Constitutional Law’, Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, vol. 1, no. 4, May 2023, doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.7972664.
A. Fadlail, 'Restrictions on political rights for former corruption convicts to become candidates for legislative members’, Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial HumanioraVol, vol. 1, no. 3, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.30640/dewantara.v1i3.667.
S. Anwar, ‘Corruption in the Perspective of Islamic Law’, Jurnal Hukum, vol. 1, no. 15, pp. 14–31, 2008, doi: https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol15.iss1.art8.
U. Basuki, ‘Political Parties, Elections and Democracy: Dynamics of Political Parties in the General Election System in Indonesia Democratic Perspective’, jkh, vol. 20, no. 2, p. 81, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i2.8321.
J. Rabain, ‘Islamic Perspectives On CorruptioN’, Jurnal An-Nida, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 187–198, 2014, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/an-nida.v39i2.875.
A. I. Arifin, ‘Corruption According To The Perspective Of Islamic Criminal Law’, LEX ET SOCIETATIS, vol. 3, no. 1, 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v3i1.7072.