BELIEF IN JUST WORLD, WELL-BEING AND LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG STUDENTS

Main Article Content

SHAHBAZ AHMAD, ATIF MAHMOOD, IFFAT BATOOL, MUHAMMAD TARIQ RAMZAN, ASIM SULEMAN, MUHAMMAD AKRAM RIAZ, HUMERA IQBAL

Abstract

The aim of the study was investigating belief in just world as predictor of well-being and life satisfaction among students. The study also aimed at investigating gender differences among belief in just world, well-being and life satisfaction. The present research is based on correlational research design. A sample consisted of 200 students selected from different universities of Lahore with age range of 21-24 years. Personal Belief in Just World Scale, General Belief in Just World Scale, Belief in Just World Scale for Others, Traits Well-Being Inventory, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale were used. Multiple regression, Pearson correlation, t-test and ANOVA were applied to test the hypotheses. The study's conclusions showed that students' well-being and life satisfaction were highly predicted by their personal belief in a just world. Students' overall well-being and level of life satisfaction were not predicted by their general belief in a just world or in a just world for others. Comparing male and female students, gender differences showed that males scored much higher on beliefs about a just world, wellbeing, and life satisfaction. At the completion of the study, recommendations, consequences, and conclusions were explored.

Article Details

Section
Articles
Author Biography

SHAHBAZ AHMAD, ATIF MAHMOOD, IFFAT BATOOL, MUHAMMAD TARIQ RAMZAN, ASIM SULEMAN, MUHAMMAD AKRAM RIAZ, HUMERA IQBAL

1DR. SHAHBAZ AHMAD, 2ATIF MAHMOOD, 3DR. IFFAT BATOOL, 4DR. MUHAMMAD TARIQ RAMZAN, 5ASIM SULEMAN, 6DR. MUHAMMAD AKRAM RIAZ,7HUMERA IQBAL

1Associate Professor at Department of Education, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Sub-Campus

2MPhil Scholar at Department of Education, The University of Lahore Sargodha Sub-Campus

3Associate Professor at Department of Psychology, Government College University, Lahore

4Assistant Professor at Department of Islamic Studies, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Sub-Campus

5MPhil Scholar at Department of Education, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Sub-Campus

6Lecturer at Department of Psychology, University of Home Economics, Lahore

7Clinical Psychologist at Foundation University, Islamabad

*Corresponding Author: Dr. Muhammad Akram Riaz

References

Allen, Ng., & Leiser.(2005). Study OF the cross-cultural stability of the EVI scales in Austria. France. Greece, Israel, New Zealand, Singapore, Slovenia and Turkey, supported this notion, reporting strong differences. Journal of Psychology, 15, 222-245.

Arku, S. A. (2008). An empirical approach to the study of well-being among rural men and women

Bègue, L., & Bastounis, M. (2003). Two spheres of belief in justice: Extensive support for the bidimensional model of belief in a just world. Journal of Personality, 71, 435-464.

Blumberg, M. L., & Lester, D. (1991). High school and college students’ attitudes toward rape. Adolescence, 26, 727-729.

Conners, J., & Heaven, P. C. (1990). Belief in a just world and attitudes toward AIDS sufferers. The Journal of Social Psychology, 130(4), 559-560.

Cubela-Adoric, V., & Kvartuc, T. (2007). Effects of mobbing on justice beliefs and adjustment. European Psychologist,12, 222-246.

Daig, I., Herschbach, P., Lehmann, A., Knoll, N., & Decker, O. (2009). Gender and age differences in domain-specific life satisfaction and the impact of depressive and anxiety symptoms: a general population survey from Germany. Qual Life Res, 18(6),669-78. doi: 10.1007/s11136-009-9481-3.

Dalbert, C. (1992). Subjektives Wohlbefinden junger Erwachsener: Theoretische und empirische Analysen der Struktur und Stabilität [Subjective well-being of young adults: Theoretical and empirical analyses of structure and stability]. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 13, 207-220.

Dalbert, C. (1999). The world is more just for me than generally: About the Personal Belief in a Just World Scale’s validity. Social Justice Research, 12, 79-98.

Dalbert, C. (2001). The justice motive as a personal resource: dealing with challenges and critical life events. New York: Plenum.

Dalbert, C., Montada, L. & Schmitt, M. (1987). Glaube and einegerechte Welt alsMotiv: ValidierungskorrelatezweierSkalen [Belief in a just world: Validation correlates of the two scales]. Psychologische Beiträge, 29, 596-615.

Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.

Dzuka, J. & Dalbert, C. (2007). Aggression at school: Belief in a personal just world and well-being of victims and aggressors. Studia Psychologica, 49, 313 - 320.

Fatima, I. & Suhail, K. (2010). Belief in a just world and subjective well-being: Mothers of normal and Down syndrome children. International Journal of Psychology, 45, 461-468.

Fatima, I. (2004). Beliefs in a just world and psychological well-being. Unpublished M.Phil thesis, University of Punjab, Pakistan.

Furnham, A. (2003). Belief in a just world: research progress over the past decade. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 795–817.

Hafer, C. L., & Olson, J. M. (1993).Beliefs in a just world, discontent, and assertive actions by working women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19, 30-38.

Hafer, C., & Olson, J. (1998). Individual differences in beliefs in a just world and responses to personal misfortune. In L. Montada, & M. Lerner (Eds.), Responses to victimizations and belief in the just world (pp. 65–86). New York: Plenum.

Helliwell, J. F. (2003) ‘How’s life? Combining individual and national variables to explain subjective well-being‘, Economic Modelling, vol 20, pp. 331-60.

Hunt, M. O. (1996). "The Individual, Society, or Both? A Comparison of Black, Latino, and White Beliefs about the Causes of Poverty." Social Forces, 75, 293-322.

Jurkin, M. & Cubela Adoric, V. (2008). Belief in a Just World, Life Satisfaction and Depression in Adults. PowerPoint presentation: 4e European Conference on Positive Psycholgy, 2008, Rijeka, Croatia

Lerner (1980). The Belief in a Just World: A Fundamental Delusion. Plenum: New York.

Lerner, M.J. & Montada, L. (1998). An Overview: Advances in Belief in a Just World Theory and Methods, in Leo Montada & M.J. Lerner (Eds.). Responses to Victimizations and Belief in a Just World (1–7). Plenum Press: New York.

Lipkus, I., Dalbert, C., & Siegler, I. (1996). The importance of distinguishing the belief in a just world for self-versus others: implications for psychological well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 666–677.

Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Sydney: Psychology Foundation.

Maes, J. & Schmitt, M. (2007).Transformation of the justice motive?Belief in a just world and its correlates in different age groups. In C. Dalbert& H. Sallay (Eds.), The justice motive in adolescence and young adulthood: Origins and consequences. London, UK: Routledge.

McKnight, C. G., Huebner, E. S., & Suldo, S. M. (2002). Relationships among stressful life events, temperament, problem behavior, and global life satisfaction in students. Psychology in the Schools, 39, 677- 687.

Riaz, M., Tariq, S., Hanif, R., & Riaz, M. (2013). Self‐esteem as predictor of belief in just world among university students: the moderating role of personality factors. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 39(2), 205-212.

Ritter, C., Benson, D. E., & Snyder, C. (1990). Belief in a just world and depression. Sociological Perspective, 25, 235–252.