WOMEN'S ROLE IN PREVENTING THE GLOBAL SPREAD OF VIOLENT EXTREMISM: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

Main Article Content

AYAZ KHAN, MUHAMMAD QASIM, SAHAR ALI KHAN IRUM NAZ

Abstract

This research paper aims to examine the underappreciated and consequential involvement of women in the realm of countering violent extremism (CVE). This study examines the historical involvement of women in extremist ideologies, exploring their roles in both supporting and opposing such ideologies. By analyzing historical data and scholarly literature, the research sheds light on the multifaceted engagement of women in extremist movements throughout history. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics surrounding women's participation in extremist ideologies, highlighting the need for further research. The increasing recognition of their capacity to drive transformative outcomes in countering violent extremism (CVE) initiatives has garnered significant attention in recent times. This research paper explores the significance of women's engagement in Countering Violent Extremism (CVE), highlighting their distinct abilities, viewpoints, and contributions. It analyses the factors that make their involvement essential in this field. This study examines the challenges and obstacles encountered by women in the field of countering violent extremism. It also sheds light on successful initiatives that have empowered women to effectively address this issue. This research highlights the significance of adopting gender-inclusive methodologies within counter-violent extremism (CVE) strategies. It underscores the potential of women to contribute to the development of resilient and harmonious societies.

Article Details

Section
Articles
Author Biography

AYAZ KHAN, MUHAMMAD QASIM, SAHAR ALI KHAN IRUM NAZ

  1. AYAZ KHAN

Chief Coordination Officer, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Centre of Excellence on Countering Violent Extremism, Pakistan

 

  1. MUHAMMAD QASIM

Director General, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Centre of Excellence on Countering Violent Extremism, Pakistan

 

  1. SAHAR ALI KHAN

Principal Research Officer, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Centre of Excellence on Countering Violent Extremism, Pakistan

 

  1. IRUM NAZ

Principal Research Officer, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Centre of Excellence on Countering Violent Extremism, Pakistan

 

References

Bloom, M. (2018). "Women and Terrorism: A Gendered Study." Perspectives on Terrorism, 12(6), 120-131.

Countering Violent Extremism: The Gender Dimensions by UN Women (2014).

Davis, L. E., & Sorensen, J. R. (2018). Countering violent extremism: A study of gender and online radicalization. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 41(1), 3-18.

Ezezika, O., & Tshimanga, S. (2018). Women in Countering Violent Extremism in Africa: Harnessing Women's Leadership in Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism. Africa Security Brief, No. 36, 1-12.

Gender and Violent Extremism: Women's Participation in ISIL by the Institute for Economics and Peace (2017).

Gender, Violent Extremism and the Internet by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) (2018).

Gentry, C., & Sjoberg, L. (Eds.). (2019). Women, Gender, and Terrorism. University of Georgia Press.

Hudson, V. M., & Metelits, C. (2013). The Heart of the Matter: The Security of Women and the Security of States. International Security, 33(3), 7-45.

Hudson, V. M., Ballif-Spanvill, B., Caprioli, M., & Emmett, C. F. (2012). Sex and World Peace. Columbia University Press.

Institute for Inclusive Security. (2013). Women and CVE: A Review of the Evidence. Retrieved from https://www.inclusivesecurity.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/women-cve-evidence.pdf

Institute for Inclusive Security. (2016). Women, violent extremism, and the road to peace: Lessons from Colombia and the Philippines.

Jones, S. G., & Smith, A. (Eds.). (2019). Women, Violence, and the Practice of Security. Zed Books.

Maher, S. (2018). "Women in Terrorism: An Examination of Women's Roles in Jihadist Terrorism and Counterterrorism." Combating Terrorism Center at West Point.

Peace Direct. (2018). "Amplifying the Voices of Women for Peace: Understanding Women's Roles in Peacebuilding." Available online: https://www.peacedirect.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Womens-role-in-peacebuilding.pdf

Shepherd, L. J. (2016). Women and violent extremism: A growing threat demands a tailored response. Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace, and Security.

Shepherd, L. J. (2019). The Gender Dimensions of Radicalization and Terrorism. Journal of Threat Assessment and Management, 6(2), 94-107.

Sjoberg, L., & Gentry, C. E. (Eds.). (2017). "Women, Gender, and Terrorism." University of Georgia Press.

Speckhard, A., & Yayla, A. S. (2016). "ISIS Defectors: Inside Stories of the Terrorist Caliphate." Advances Press.

The Institute for Economics and Peace. (2017). "Building resilience: Countering violent extremism through women's empowerment." Available online: http://visionofhumanity.org /app/uploads/2017/11/Building-Resilience-Countering-Violent-Extremism-Through-Women%E2%80%99s-Empowerment.pdf

UN Women. (2015). Women’s Role in Countering Violent Extremism. Retrieved from https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2015/2/womens-role-in-countering-violent-extremism.

UN Women. (2021). "Women's Participation in Peace Negotiations and Peace Agreements." Available online: https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/peace-and-security/facts-and-figures

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2018). Female Voices in Violent Extremism. UNDP.

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2019). Gender, radicalization, and violent extremism: A strategic approach.

United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT). (2018). "The Role of Women and Mothers in Violent Extremism."

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). (2019). Gender and violent extremism: Strategies for preventing and countering violent extremism.

United Nations Security Council. (2015). Resolution 2242 (2015) [on women, peace, and security]. Retrieved from: https://undocs.org/S/RES/2242 (2015)

United Nations Women. (2018). Preventing and responding to violent extremism through promoting gender equality and women's empowerment.

United States Institute of Peace (USIP). (2017). "Women Preventing Violent Extremism." Available online: https://www.usip.org/publications/2017/06/women-preventing-violent-extremism.

USAID. (2018). "Engaging Women in Countering Violent Extremism: A Strategy for Policymakers and Practitioners." Available online: https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1865/USAID_CVE_Strategy_2018_Final.pdf

Welby, K. (2017). "Women and Radicalization to Violence: Addressing the Gender Dimension." Institute for Strategic Dialogue.

Women Preventing Violent Extremism" by the Global Center on Cooperative Security (2017).

Women's Roles in Countering Violent Extremism: The World Women's Perspective by U.S. Institute of Peace (2016).

United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women). (2015). Gender and Preventing Violent Extremism: Challenges and Opportunities.

United States Agency for International Development (USAID). (2018). Women's Roles in Countering Violent Extremism: Strategies for Greater Success.

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2019). Journey to Extremism in Africa: Drivers, Incentives, and the Tipping Point for Recruitment.

Hedayah. (2016). The Role of Women in Countering Violent Extremism.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2020). Gender Equality and Violent Extremism: A Guide to Support Preventing Extremism Violently Through Gender Equality Programming.

Global Center on Cooperative Security. (2017). Women and CVE Communication: A Guide to Communication Programming.

Gray, J., & Horgan, J. (Eds.). (2020). Women and terrorism: A multidisciplinary perspective. John Wiley & Sons.

Fischel, C., & Stewart, M. (Eds.). (2019). Online radicalization: The importance of women. Springer.

Basri, E., Dzuhayatin, S., & Ambaryanto. (2018). Women’s roles in countering violent extremism in Indonesia. Journal of Critical Studies on Terrorism, 11(2), 245-261.

Gentry, C. E., & Sjoberg, L. (Eds.). (2019). Women, gender, and terrorism. University of Georgia Press.

Sjoberg, L. (Ed.). (2016). Women as Wartime Rapists: Beyond Sensation and Stereotyping. NYU Press.

Ahram, A. I., & Binningsbø, H. M. (Eds.). (2019). Women and wars. Polity Press.