IMPROVING CLASSROOM LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR ENHANCING READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study investigate the role of metacognitive strategies in improving classroom learning environment. The study also finds out the effects of metacognitive strategies in developing student’s interest in reading comprehension. Action research was adopted by selecting grade fifth thirty students (age 10-11 years). WIHIC interview and documentation were used for collection of data. Data was analyzed through reflections and content analysis. Data showed improvement in learning environment of classroom for reading comprehension of the students. Data elicited that metacognitive strategies enhance student’s interest in reading comprehension. It is recommended that the respective departments must strengthen teachers' awareness of metacognitive strategies and their application in the classroom through frequent trainings. In addition, research initiatives in other languages skills are recommended. Future study perspectives may take into account the cultural diversity of the students and teachers in various communities.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Desoete, M. V. J. Veenman, 'Metacognition in mathematics education' (Nova Science Publishers:Hauppauge, New York, 2006).
Karbalaei, 'Meta-Cognition and reading comprehension'(2011)16 Íkala, Revista de Lenguajey Cultura 5 .
Nazmiye, 'Examining 8th grade students’ perception of learning environment of science classrooms in relation to motivational beliefs and attitudes' Thesis (Middle East Technical University: Cankaya Ankara,Turkey, 2007).
H. Schoenfeld, 'Learning to think mathematically: Problem solving, Meta-Cognition, and sense making in mathematics' (2009)196 Journal of Education 1 . https://doi.org/10.1177/002205741619600202
Shamir, M. Zion, and O. S. Levi, 'Peer tutoring, metacognitive processes and multimedia problem-based learning: The effect of mediation training on critical thinking' (2008) 17 Journal of Science Education and Technology 384. https://doi. org/10.1007/s10956-008-9108-4
B.J. Fraser, C. McRobbie, D. Fisher, 'Development, validation and use of personal and class forms of a new classroom environment questionnaire' (1996) Proceedings Western Australian Institute for Educational Research. http://www.waier. org.au/forums/1996/fraser.html
Snow, Reading for understanding: toward an R & D program in reading comprehension,(Rand Corporation: Washington DC,2003).
Leat, M. E. I. Lin, 'Developing a pedagogy of metacognition and transfer: Some signposts for the generation and use of knowledge and the creation of research partnerships'(2003)29 British Educational Research Journal 383.
Whitebread , S. Bingham, V. Grau, D.P. Pasternak, and C. Sangster' Development of metacognition and self-regulated learning in young children: Role of collaborative and peer-assisted learning' (2007)6 Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 433. https://doi .org/10.1891/194589507787382043
Whitebread, P. Coltman, D.Pasternak, et al.'The development of two observational tools for assessing metacognition and self-regulated learning in young children' (2009) 4 Metacognition and Learning 63. https://doi .org/10.1007/s11409-008-9033-1
Ceylan, and L. Harputlu, 'Meta-Cognition in reading comprehension' (2015) 1 The Literacy Trek 28. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/literacytrek/issue/10410/127351
E. E. Atbas, 'The Effects of Students’ Entering Characteristics and Classroom Environment Experiences on Their language Learning Outcomes in an EFL Setting in Turkey' Thesis (Middle East Technical University: Cankaya Ankara,Turkey, 2004).
Schraw, K. J. Crippen, K. Hartley, 'Promoting self-regulation in science education: Metacognition as part of a broader perspective on learning'(2006)36 Research in Science Education 111.
G .Özsoy, 'Metacognition'(2008) 6 Turkish journal of Educational Sciences 713.
J. H. Flavell, 'Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive–developmental inquiry' (1979) 34 American Psychologist 906.
J. Harmer, The Practical of English Language Teaching, (Pearson Education Limited: England, 2009).
J. P.Dorman, J. M. Aldridge, B.J.Ferguson,'Using students’ assessment of classroom environment to develop a typology of secondary school classrooms'(2006)7 International Education Journal 906.
K. Fisher and R. Phelps, 'Recipe or performing art?: Challenging conventions for writing action research thesis' (2006) 4 Action Research 143. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476750306063989
L. Baker, 'Comprehension Instruction: Research-based best Practices' in C. C. Block and M. Pressly (ed.), Metacognition in comprehension instruction (The Guil-ford Press: New York, 2002) 77.
L. Baker, Metacognitive development in reading: Contributors and consequences in K. Mokhtari, and R. Sheorey (ed.), Reading strategies of First and Second-Language Learners: See how They Read (Christopher-Gordon : Norwood, 2008) 25.
L. D.Yore, and D. F. Treagust,'Current realities and future possibilities: Language and science literacy—empowering research and informing instruction' (2006) 28 International Journal of Science Education 291. https://doi .org/10.1080/09500690500336973
M. V. J. Veenman, B. H. A. M Hout-Wolters, P. Afflerbach, 'Metacognition and learning: Conceptual and methodological considerations'(2006)1 Metacognition and Learning 3.
M. Baltaci, and B. Akpinar, 'The effect of web based instruction on the metacognition awareness levels of learners' (2011) 8 Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Social Sciences Institute 319.
M.V.Veenman, B.H. Hout-Wolters, and P. Afflerbach,'Metacognition and learning: Conceptual and methodological considerations'(2006) 1 Metacognition and Learning 3 .https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-006-6893-0
N. Ayaz,, M. N. Butt, and S. Ahmad,'Interlinking metacognition with University Students’ Academic Achievements in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan' (2020) 3 Sir Syed journal of Education and Social Research 239.https://doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss4-2020(239-246)
P. Kaur ,S. Saini, ' Improving Learning Environment using Metacognitive Strategies' (2020) 9 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 3430.
R.Ulker, Z.Yilmaz, A.Solak, L. Erguder,'Classroom Environment: What Does Students’ Drawings Tell?' (2013) 16 Anthropologist 209.
R. Gür, 'A Comparison of Actual and Preferred Classroom Learning Environment as Perceived by Teachers and Students at YADIM' Thesis (Cukurova University: Çankaya Ankara, Turkey, 2006).
S,Sungur, s.Güngören, 'The role of classroom environment perceptions inself-regulated learning and science achievement'(2009) Elementary Education Online 8883-900.
S.Telli, P.Brok, C. Tekkaya, J. Cakiroglu, 'Turkish Students’ Perceptions of Their Biology Learning Environments: The Effects of Gender and Grade Level' (2009) 1 Asian Journal of Educational Research and Synergy 110.
S. G. Paris, A. H. Paris, 'Classroom applications of research on self-regulated learning' (2001)36 Educational Psychologist 89.
S.A. Manan, M. K. David, and F.P.Dumanig 'English Language Teaching in Pakistan: Language Policies, Delusions and Solutions'in R. Kirkpatrick (ed.), English Language Education Policy in Asia, (the Language Policy book series: Springer,2015) 219. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22464-0_10
S.Karakelle, and S. Sarac, 'Üst Biliş Hakkında Bir Gözden Geçirme: Üst Biliş Çalışmaları mı Yoksa Üst Bilişsel Yaklaşım mı?'(2010) 13 Türk Psikoloji Yazıları 45.
S. Kemmis, and R. McTaggart, The action research planner, 3rd edn (Deakin University :Victoria, 1988)
S. Sungur B. Senler, 'An analysis of Turkish high school students' metacognition and motivation, Educational Research and Evaluation' (2009) 15 An International Journal on Theory and Practice 45.
Y. Benito, 'Meta-Cognitive ability and cognitive strategies to solve Math and transformation problems' (2000) 14 Gifted Education International 151. https://doi.org/10.1177/026142940001400205