CLIMATE-INDUCED MIGRATION AND ASSOCIATED RISKS IN PAKISTAN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
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Abstract
Climate change causes migration in many regions of the world, and it has become an imminent threat in Pakistan. Climate change refugees face exploitation, in-place alleviation, and social implications. Climate change's direct and indirect security challenges might cause significant economic losses. In Pakistan. due to shortages of resources and overpopulation climate-induced migration creates challenges for all areas of the country, from Gilgit-Baltistan to southern Punjab and significant portions of Sindh and Balochistan. This ground-breaking research explores the link between climate change and associated risks in Pakistan and evaluates how climate change affects the region from the community to the individual level. The assessment of this study is based on review articles from various database sources. Based on the PRISMA Statement 80 articles from 535 were selected for final analysis. The research examines climate-induced migration in Pakistan causing development issues such as poverty, food insecurity, water crisis, economic loss, gender inequalities, agricultural decline, etc. Existing frameworks and national policies have failed to establish a critical relationship between climate change and the frequency and severity of adverse climate conditions, environmental degradation, and human mobility. This study suggests a comprehensive approach that would address the need for assistance, and long-term solutions for persons displaced by climate change, as well as the management of climate hazards for those who stay and the promotion of possibilities.
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