CRISIS OF BALOCHISTAN EFFECT MENTAL HEALTH STATUS AND STIR LIFESATISFACTION OF SECTARIAN VICITMS
Main Article Content
Abstract
Present study aim is to investigate the mental health status and life satisfaction among victims of sectarian violence and their families of Balochistan cases. The study was conducted from Quetta city. Balochistan’s tribal and multicultural setup enriched and different people are living together. From last two decades peace and harmony of the province is disturb due to law and order situation and most of the people are suffering in distress or mental health issues which directly affect their life satisfaction. Present study is an endeavor to investigate the mental health issues which were started due to sectarian violence. No significant research has ever been compiled to measure the degree of damages in Balochistan. Sample of the present study is comprised 200 male and female (Male= 100 Females = 100) of ages 20 to 40 years (M= 28.2, SD =2.04).Participants of the study were selected from victims and their families. The measures were used: Personal information form, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, &Griffin, 1985) Depression, anxiety and stress Scale- 21 (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). Research data was statistically examined through Descriptive statistic andPearson Product Moment Correlation wasused to find out the effect of depression, anxiety and stress (DASS)and its relationship with life satisfaction. Results of the study were revealed that depression, stress and anxiety (r= .078) effect life satisfaction. Findings showed that sectarian violence of Balochistan is a massive cause of distress which is threat for harmony or solidarity.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Ahmad, Wani, S. (2019). Political indifference and state complicity: The travails of Hazaras in Balochistan. Strategic Analysis,43(4), 328-334.
Ali, S. (2021). The specter of hate and intolerance: sectarian-jihadi nexus and the persecution of Hazara Shia community in Pakistan. Contemporary South Asia,29(2), 198-211.
Al-Marashi, I. (2007). The dynamics of Iraq's media: Ethno-sectarian violence, political Islam, public advocacy, and globalization. Cardozo Arts & Ent. LJ, 25, 95.
Carpenter, A. C. (2012). Havens in a firestorm: Perspectives from Baghdad on resilience to sectarian violence. Civil Wars, 14(2), 182-204.
Cairns E, Darby J. (1998) The conflict in Northern Ireland: Causes, consequences, and controls. American Psychologist. 1998;53:754–760.
Chandran, S. (2003). Sectarian Violence in Pakistan. Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies.
Cooley MR, Turner SM, Beidel DC.(1995) Assessing community violence: The children’s report of exposure to violence. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. ;34:201–208.
DR. MIR SADAAT BALOCH, DR. SIRAJ BASHIR, MS. HANANAH ZARRAR, AFTAB ASLAM, DR. MUNEERA.(2023). COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM IN BALOCHISTAN: A CASE OFSTRATEGIC COMMUNICATION, RUSSIAN LAW JOURNAL Volume XI (2023),pp-343-354
Dr. Siraj Bashir, Dr. Waseem Sadiq, Dr. Huma Zafar , Anjuman Murtaza and Parveen Naseer(2022). The Role And Analysis Of Quality Education On The Perspective Of Socio-Economic Development Of Balochistan Province Of Pakistant, Journal of Positive School Psychology, Vol. 6, No. 10, 2190-2206
Dr. Kinza Farooq, Prof. Dr. Nasreen Aslam, Dr. Siraj Bashir, Dr. Muhammad Nadeemullah and Dr. Aliya Ali,.2022. Students Experiment of Online Classes during the Pandemicof COVID-19 andtheir Socio-economic affection towardPsychological impact on their Learning Behaviors’ (WithSpecial Reference to University of Karachi)
Devasher, Tilak. (2018) “Pakistan: The Unabated Killings of Hazaras.” Fault lines 22: 1–40. https://www.satp.org/Docs/Faultline/22.pdf.
Donald P. Green and Rachel L. Seher,(2003), “What Role Does Prejudice Play in Ethnic Conflict?” Annual Review of Political Science, 509–31.
a. Ericson, M., & Vinson, T. (2012). Life satisfaction and happiness. Life, 307(456), 190.
Farrell, S. (2014). Rituals and riots: sectarian violence and political culture in Ulster, 1784-1886. University Press of Kentucky.
Gorman-Smith D, Tolan P(1998) The role of exposure to community violence and developmental problems among inner-city youth. Development and Psychopathology. 10:101–116.
Harbom L, Wallensteen P.(2007) Armed Conflict, 1989–2006. Journal of Peace Research. 44:623–634.
Hiltermann, J. (2007). A new sectarian threat in the Middle East?. International Review of the Red Cross, 89(868), 795-808.
Ibrahimi, Niamatullah. (2012). “Shift and Drift in Hazara Ethnic Consciousness: The Impact of Conflict and Migration.” Crossroads Asia Working Paper Series, No: 1–21.
Irfani, S. (2004). Pakistan’s Sectarian Violence: Between the ‘Arabist Shift’and Indo-Persian Culture. Religious Radicalism and Security in South Asia, 147170.
Jafree, S. R., Nadir, S. M. H., Mahmood, Q. K., & Burhan, S. K. (2023). The Migrant Hazara Shias of Pakistan and their Social Determinants for PTSD, Mental Disorders and Life Satisfaction. Journal of Migration and Health, 100166.
Jasser, M. Z. (2014). Sectarian Conflict in Syria. Prism, 4, 58-67.
Kalin, M., & Siddiqui, N. (2014). Religious Authority and the Promotion of Sectarian Tolerance in Pakistan.US Institute of Peace.(Vol. 21).
Margolin G, Gordis EB.(2000) The effects of family and community violence on children. Annual Review of Psychology. 2000;51:445–479.
National Commission for Human Rights (NCHR). (2018). “Understanding the Agonies of Ethnic Hazaras.” NCHR Report, Islamabad, National Commission for Human Rights,
Prof Dr. Akbar Ali Awan1, Dr. Naveed Hussain Shah , Dr. Siraj Bashir , Muhammad AbuBakar Iqbal , Nadia Parveen Thalho , Joseph Fredrick Mutupha.(2021). CRITICAL THINKING AND CREATIVE THINKING: STUDENTS’READING COMPREHENSION, Webology ,Volume 18, Number 6
Pakistan Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS)(2012), Engaging Religious Scholars for Promotion of Peace (Islamabad).
Proctor LJ.(2006) Children growing up in a violent community: The role of the family. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 11:558–576.
Phillips, C. (2015). Sectarianism and conflict in Syria. Third World Quarterly, 36(2), 357-376.
Siddiqi, F. H. (2012). Security dynamics in Pakistani Balochistan: Religious activism and ethnic conflict in the war on terror. Asian Affairs: An American Review, 39(3), 157-175.
Shirlow P, Murtagh B. Belfast (2006) Segregation, violence and the city. London: Pluto Press; 2
Siraj Bashir, Muhammad Arshad, Sadia Barech.(2019). Local Communities Participation In China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): The Case Of Balochistan. Pakistan Journal of Applied Social Sciences. Vol. 9, 2019, pp. 71-87
Sadia Barrech, Dr Siraj Bashir,Dr Mir Saadat Baloch & Fauzia Safdar.2019. Violence against women in Balochistan, A case study of Quetta, Bi-Annual Research Journal “BALOCHISTAN REVIEW, VOL. XLI NO. 2